Understanding and Preventing Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a serious health concern, yet it is highly preventable and treatable when detected early. At SMRMC, we prioritize educating our community about vital health issues. Below, we’ll break down the key facts about cervical cancer, its symptoms, screening, and prevention - drawing on expert guidance from the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).

What is Cervical Cancer?

Cervical cancer occurs when cells in the cervix grow uncontrollably. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. This disease is most often linked to long-lasting infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted virus. While HPV is widespread, only a small percentage of people infected with the virus develop cervical cancer.

Who is at Risk?

Anyone with a cervix is at risk for cervical cancer, particularly those over 30 years old. Other factors, such as smoking, a weakened immune system, or a family history of cervical cancer, may also increase risk. Regular screening and vaccination are crucial steps to lower this risk.

Symptoms of Cervical Cancer

Early stages of cervical cancer often do not cause symptoms. As the disease progresses, warning signs may include:

• Unusual vaginal bleeding, such as bleeding after intercourse or between periods
• Abnormal vaginal discharge

If you notice these symptoms, it’s essential to see a doctor right away. Although these signs can result from other conditions, only a healthcare professional can determine the cause.

The Importance of Screening

Screening for cervical cancer is a proven way to detect precancerous changes or early stages of the disease. The two primary tests recommended by the CDC include:

• HPV Test: Detects the presence of HPV types that may lead to cervical cancer.
• Pap Test: Identifies abnormal cervical cells that could develop into cancer.

Both tests are simple procedures conducted in a doctor’s office or clinic. Regular screening is recommended based on your age and health history:

• Ages 21-29: Begin Pap tests at 21 and repeat every three years if results are normal.
• Ages 30-65: Choose between an HPV test every five years, co-testing (HPV and Pap test) every five years, or a Pap test alone every three years.
• Over 65: Screening may no longer be necessary if you’ve had consistent normal results and no history of cervical precancer.

Preventing Cervical Cancer

1. HPV Vaccination: The HPV vaccine protects against the virus types most commonly linked to cervical cancer. It’s recommended for preteens but can also be given to older individuals.
2. Routine Screenings: Early detection through regular testing helps identify changes before they become cancerous.
3. Healthy Lifestyle Choices: Avoid smoking and practice safe sex to further reduce your risk.

Test Results and Next Steps

Screening results are typically available within three weeks. Your doctor will contact you if follow-up is needed. Remember:

• Normal Results: Indicate a low risk of cervical cancer, and your doctor may recommend delaying your next screening for several years.
• Abnormal Results: May indicate cell changes or HPV infection. While this doesn’t necessarily mean cancer, further evaluation is essential.

Contact Us

At SMRMC, we are committed to empowering our patients with the knowledge and resources needed to stay healthy. By understanding cervical cancer and taking proactive steps like vaccination and regular screening, you can significantly reduce your risk and safeguard your well-being.

For more information or to schedule a screening appointment, contact SMRMC today at 601-249-5500.